Google Cloud Professional Cloud Security Engineer Practice Exam

How can you enhance network security in a Google Cloud VPC for autoscaling services?

1. Use Dynamic IPs for all services

2. Implement service accounts with specific firewall rules

3. Create a single VPC with interconnectivity

4. Use private service connections exclusively

The correct answer is: Implement service accounts with specific firewall rules

Implementing service accounts with specific firewall rules enhances network security in a Google Cloud Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) designed for autoscaling services by allowing fine-grained control over which services can communicate with each other and under what conditions. When you use service accounts, you can assign distinct roles and permissions to each service, ensuring that only authorized services can access specific resources. By coupling these service accounts with dedicated firewall rules, you can restrict traffic based on IP addresses, ports, and protocols, thus minimizing exposure to potential threats. This approach allows you to define more precise security policies that can adapt to the dynamic nature of autoscaling environments, where instances can be created and destroyed automatically based on demand. The setup of service accounts combined with specific firewall rules ensures that even as new instances are launched, they inherit these security policies, maintaining a secure posture throughout the application lifecycle in the cloud environment. This proactive security management is crucial in a scenario where autoscaling could potentially open up new attack vectors if not handled properly. In contrast, using dynamic IPs for all services does not inherently enhance security, as IP addresses can change frequently, making it difficult to establish secure communications. Creating a single VPC with interconnectivity might simplify networking but does not specifically address